What is the typical remedy if a federal court finds removal improper?

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When a case has been removed to federal court, that move is allowed only if the federal court has proper jurisdiction. If the court finds removal improper, the right remedy is to remand the case back to the state court it came from. That’s because removal creates a temporary transfer to federal court, and if the federal court lacks jurisdiction, it can’t lawfully adjudicate the case. Returning it to state court keeps the case in the forum that has original jurisdiction and preserves the plaintiff’s forum choice. The remand can also involve costs—the removing party may be required to pay detaine costs or attorney’s fees caused by the improper removal. Other options like staying the case in federal court, granting summary judgment against the removing party, or starting anew in federal court don’t address the jurisdiction problem and aren’t appropriate remedies.